Long-form, for the
curious clinician.
Comprehensive resources on peptide therapy, written to separate established science from emerging research and unsupported claims. Updated Nov 2025.
Compounding Pharmacies and Peptides: What You Need to Know in 2025
How compounding pharmacies fit into the peptide landscape, what 503A vs 503B means, why BPC-157 is now off the table at compounders, and how to evaluate whether a compounding script is legitimate.
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How Peptides Are Made: Synthesis 101
From amino acids to clinical compound — the science of peptide synthesis, what separates pharmaceutical-grade from research-grade, and why manufacturing quality matters.
FDA Status of Peptides in 2025: What's Legal, What's Not
A comprehensive breakdown of the FDA regulatory framework for peptides — approved drugs, off-label prescribing, compounding rules, and the 503A/503B restrictions that changed everything.
Peptide Delivery Methods: Injectable vs. Oral vs. Sublingual vs. Nasal vs. Topical
A practical breakdown of how peptides are administered — bioavailability by route, what the science says about non-injectable options, and how to choose the right delivery method.
Peptides vs. Hormones: Understanding the Difference
Peptides and hormones are often conflated — but they work through different mechanisms, carry different risks, and exist in very different regulatory environments. Here's how to think about the distinction.
Peptides for Weight Loss: What the Evidence Actually Shows
An evidence-graded review of GLP-1 agonists, AOD-9604, and other metabolic peptides — separating marketing claims from peer-reviewed findings.
BPC-157: Mechanisms, Research Summary & Protocol Overview
The most comprehensive review of BPC-157 available — covering 48+ studies, proposed mechanisms, dosing considerations, and open research questions.
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